SAN FRANCISCO • WhatsApp has sued Israeli surveillance firm NSO Group, accusing it of helping government spies break into the phones of about 1,400 users across four continents in a hacking spree whose targets included diplomats, political dissidents, journalists and senior government officials.
In a lawsuit filed in federal court in San Francisco on Tuesday, messaging service WhatsApp, which is owned by Facebook, accused NSO of facilitating government-hacking sprees in 20 countries.
Mexico, the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain were the only countries identified.
WhatsApp said in a statement that 100 civil society members had been targeted and called it “an unmistakable pattern of abuse”.
NSO denied the allegations. “In the strongest possible terms, we dispute today’s allegations and will vigorously fight them,” it said in a statement.
“The sole purpose of NSO is to provide technology to licensed government intelligence and law enforcement agencies to help them fight terrorism and serious crime.”
WhatsApp said the attack exploited its video calling system in order to send malware to the mobile devices of a number of users. The malware would allow NSO’s clients – said to be governments and intelligence organisations – to secretly spy on a phone’s owner, opening their digital lives up to official scrutiny.
WhatsApp is used by some 1.5 billion people monthly and has often touted a high level of security, including end-to-end encrypted messages that cannot be deciphered by WhatsApp or other third parties.
Citizen Lab, a cyber-security research laboratory based at the University of Toronto that worked with WhatsApp to investigate the phone hacking, told Reuters the targets included well-known television personalities, prominent women who had been subjected to online hate campaigns and people who had faced “assassination attempts and threats of violence”.
Worldwide, governments have increasingly turned to sophisticated hacking software as officials seek to push their surveillance power into the furthest corners of their citizens’ digital lives.
Governments only rarely talk about their capabilities publicly, meaning the digital intrusions like the ones that affected WhatsApp typically happen in the shadows.
Lawyer Scott Watnik has called WhatsApp’s move “entirely unprecedented”, saying that major service providers tended to shy away from litigation for fear of “opening up the hood” and revealing too much about their digital security.
WhatsApp said the attack exploited its video calling system in order to send malware to the mobile devices of a number of users. The malware would allow NSO’s clients – said to be governments and intelligence organisations – to secretly spy on a phone’s owner, opening their digital lives up to official scrutiny.
The lawsuit calls for NSO to be barred from accessing or attempting to access WhatsApp and Facebook’s services, and seeks unspecified damages.
NSO’s phone-hacking software has already been implicated in a series of human rights abuses across Latin America and the Middle East, including a sprawling espionage scandal in Panama and an attempt to spy on an employee of the London-based rights group Amnesty International.
NSO came under particularly harsh scrutiny over the allegation that its spyware played a role in the death of Washington Post journalist Jamal Khashoggi, who was murdered at the Saudi Consulate in Istanbul a little over a year ago.
Mr Khashoggi’s friend Omar Abdulaziz is one of seven activists and journalists who have taken the spyware firm to court in Israel and Cyprus over allegations that their phones were compromised using NSO technology.
Amnesty has also filed a lawsuit, demanding that the Israeli Ministry of Defence revoke NSO’s export licence to “stop it profiting from state-sponsored repression”.
REUTERS
